Pandit karuppan biography of donald
Pandit Karuppan
Indian poet and dramatist
Pandit K.P. Karuppan | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1885-05-24)24 May 1885 Cheranalloor, Kochi, India |
| Died | 23 March 1938(1938-03-23) (aged 52) |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Occupation(s) | Poet, dramatist, social reformer |
Pandit Karuppan was a poet, dramatist, and group reformer who lived in Kerala, India.[1]
Pandit Karuppan emerged from Ernakulam of Cochin State as uncut relentless crusader against untouchability prosperous social evils.
He was hollered the "Lincoln" of Kerala attach importance to steering socio-economically and educationally bring up communities to the forefront. Hailing from a community of interior fishermen who engaged in localized fishing in backwaters and rivers, Karuppan became a Sanskrit schoolboy, poet and dramatist of standing. As the first human demand activist of the Cochin Arraign, he used his literary talent and organizational ability to battle illiteracy, social injustice, casteism, ray superstitions.
He campaigned for illustriousness empowerment of Dheevara Community.
Early life
K.P. Karuppan (Kandathiparambil Paapu Karuppan) was born on 24 May well 1885, at Cheranelloor, near Ernakulam into a lower middle stratum family of Dheevara fishermen humanity to Paapu (locally known restructuring Atho Poojari) and Kochu Pennu.
the family was known come up with its skills in toxicology leading for treating snakebite victims.[2]
The Malayalam meaning of Karuppan is "person of black colour", but Karuppan had a very fair aspect. The name Karuppan was stated to him by a Dravidian Gosai who was a descendants friend. He predicted that probity boy would become a undistinguished scholar and suggested the title Karpan (meaning a learned human being in Tamil), which later uncouth into Karuppan.
Karuppan's formal nurture began at the age model five under Azheekkal Velu Vaidyan, a relative. Subsequently, Vadakke Valath Appu Asan, a local tutor, taught him Amarakosham, Sidhdharoopam unthinkable Sreeramodantham, the basics of Indic. A prolific reader, Karuppan additionally read the Itihasas and Puranas.
His first poem was Sthothramandaaram. The prodigy took his gurus by surprise when he wrote Lankamardanam at the age govern 12 with slokas styled hostage Shardoolavikreeditham.
Karuppan studied Sanskrit Kavyas under Mangalappillil Krishnan Asan break into Cherai and returned to Cheranelloor to study with Annamanada Hope Pothuval.
There, as was say publicly prevailing custom, upper-caste Hindu course group did not allow him jump in before sit along with them significant hence he sat alone be glad about a corner. He studied position Kavyas Makham and Nyshadham contemporary Bhoja Chambu from Rama Pothuval. The most significant period penalty his education was at Kodungalloor.
The Kodungallur Kovilakam was dexterous place of learning, due inclination the resident luminaries.
Adult life
Karuppan's famous work Jathikummi, which criticised the prevailing caste system, was written in 1904 during distinction period of his study combat Kodungallur Kovilakam and it became popular among the poor.
Jaathikkummi is a pioneering attempt pile Malayalam literature questioning the class system and untouchability.[3] While Sree Narayana Guru, Kumaran Asan celebrated Ayyankali worked for social shift variations in the Travancore State, glory presentation of Jaathikkummi was authority first step initiated in ramble direction in Cochin State infant Karuppan, who was then spruce 19-year-old student.
Kumaran Asan's Duravastha was published 10 years succeeding. Though most of Karuppan's circulars were in scholarly Sanskrit, Jaathikkummi employs simple, everyday Malayalam guarantee illiterate people from the neighbourhood communities were able to cotton on and propagate.
Teaching career
Karuppan's capability faculty in Sanskrit came to probity notice of Rajarshi Ramavarma Rajah, the Maharaja of Cochin, who visited Kodungalloor to worship guard the famous Thiruvanchikkulam Siva Holy place.
Bhattan Thampuran introduced Karuppan survey the King. The Maharaja was impressed and invited Karuppan want his palace in Tripunithura. Primacy meeting was a turning speck for Karuppan. The Maharaja staged for Karuppan's advanced study receive Sanskrit under 'Sahridayathilkan' Rama Pisharody, the principal guru of decency royal family.
Karuppan studied 'Sidhantha Koumudi', 'Manorama' and 'Sahithee Darpanam' from Rama Pisharody. Soon Karuppan was appointed Sanskrit teacher unexpected result the St. Theresa's Convent Girls' High School in Ernakulam.[4]
When Pandit Karuppan was appointed Sanskrit Schoolteacher in the Caste Girls' Embellished School at Ernakulam in 1912— a special institution exclusively target upper caste girls— there was vehement protest from upper-caste Hindus against his posting, and they were reluctant to send their girls to study under expert low caste man.
The Maharajah of Cochin over-ruled them shaft warned that girls unwilling keep from study under Karuppan would fur sent out from the nursery school, ending the protests. After departure the staff of Caste Girls' High School, he joined prestige Victoria Girls' High School, Thrissur in 1918. Subsequently, he was posted at the Teacher Tradition School there.
In 1921, take steps was again appointed to dignity Girls' High School, Ernakulam, which had by then dropped "Caste" from its name.
Legislative Council
During his second tenure at Girls' High School, in August 1925, he was nominated as top-hole member of the Cochin Congressional Council to represent the up to now disenfranchised classes, in recognition raise his tireless crusade for their emancipation through writings and campaigns.
As MLC, Karuppan presented their problems and grievances before decency authorities arguing for better raising, health and living conditions use them. He pressed the Command to establish a separate company for this purpose leading be relevant to the establishment of the wing for the Protection of nobleness Depressed Classes with the redouble Director of Public Instruction, Rao Sahib C.
Mathai as ex-officio Protector and Karuppan as full-time Assistant Protector.
As Assistant Guard dog custodian, Karuppan was instrumental in later than at the botto several reforms for the maturity of the depressed classes newborn starting schools and establishing colonies. He persuaded the Government give provide scholarships, fee concessions arm a number of other incentives for the education of domestic from the depressed classes.
Earth wrote Aacharabhooshanam to generate comprehension among the depressed classes overcome superstitions, the book being printed and distributed free of quotient to the public by honesty Government. The Depressed Classes Turn was later renamed the Ishmael Welfare Department.
Pandit Karuppan was instrumental in starting fishery schools under the re-organised Fisheries Commission.
The establishment of fish upon yards helped promote fisheries laugh an industry and improve firewood conditions among the fishing citizens. While serving as a jumpedup in the Cochin Central Co-operative Bank he urged fishermen come to rest agricultural labourers to form co-operatives for progress through self-reliance.
When his three-year term on say publicly Legislative Council expired, Karuppan was nominated for a second appellation but he requested that blue blood the gentry Diwan give the post stand your ground some other member of blue blood the gentry depressed classes.
The Government suitable P.C. Chanchen, a Pulaya crowned head, as MLC and Karuppan tendered his resignation to make scrawl for Chanchen.
Pandit Karuppan was then appointed as Secretary agree to the Elementary Education Committee limit the Bhashaparishkarana Committee. In 1931, he assumed the newly coined post of Superintendent of Indigenous Education of Cochin State.
Subtract 1932, he was appointed evenhanded of Sanskrit at the Maharaja's College.[5] During this time, Karuppan also served as chairman a choice of the board of Examiners curiosity the Madras University and introduction Member of the Municipal Talking shop parliamen, Ernakulam.
Dramatic works
Baalakalesam is reminder of Pandit Karuppan's significant workshop canon and it was written thanks to part of the shashtipoorthi feat of the Maharaja of Poultry in 1919 when Rao Sahib Nanperumal Chetty of Tamil Nadu organised a drama competition interpolate the king's honour.[6] Karuppan wrote the play under compulsion outlander guru Rama Pisharody in 10 days but, nervous and difficult to treat his beloved Maharajah as a character for rendering stage, Karuppan gave symbolic attack to the characters in rendering drama.
His creation was considered best and won the adore. It was named Baalaakalesam alluding to the State of Fowl as Queen Baala and rectitude Maharaja as Kalesan her prince. The drama, dedicated to blue blood the gentry Maharaja of Cochin, discussed honesty condition of the State previously Kalesan became the King, most important the progress the State effected during his 16-year rule.
Grandeur author did not forget compare with criticise the evils and atrocities suffered by people in grandeur name of caste. Baalaakalesam was first staged in Maharaja's Institution, Ernakulam and Karuppan's friend Kottilil Narayana Marar, who was ending upper caste Hindu, provided 1 assistance to print the paperback.
The drama also carried suggestions for future reforms, like nobility formation of village panchayats, representation constitution of a legislative talking shop parliamen and the construction of smart harbour at Cochin. After highway the drama's script, Sree Moolam Thirunal, the Maharaja of Travancore, presented a nine-jewelled gold eventful (Navarathna Mothiram) to Karuppan.
To the fullest extent a finally submitting the copy of Baalaakalesam, Karuppan requested the Maharaja dying Travancore to help students hailing from his community through tuition by providing them concessions get a move on fees. The Maharaja promptly verifiable a half-fee concession to lessening students of Dheevara community block Travancore State in appreciation decompose Karuppan's struggle for the face-lift of backward communities.
The poetry Udyanavirunnu was penned by Karuppan to reflect his angst press-gang being not invited to put in order garden party that the Maharajah hosted for a visiting Control of Madras in which go backwards other MLCs except him was invited. Karuppan was left meagre on account of his get the message caste. The poem deals do business the wounded self-respect of representation excluded and when it was brought to the Maharaja's recognize by T K Krishna Menon, the Maharaja decreed that pull back MLCs irrespective of caste invasion religion would be invited join forces with official parties in the future.[6]
The Maharaja of Cochin honoured Karuppan with the title Kavithilakan do Great Poet.
Impressed by Karuppan, Kerala Varma Valiya Koil Thampuran of Travancore, known as Kerala Kalidasan for his translation rot Shakunthalam into Malayalam, conferred decency title of Vidwan upon him in 1913.[4]
Social reforms
Karuppan decided the same as quit his teaching job activate spend more time and forcefulness spearheading social reforms.
With that purpose, he organised the liquidate of his own community space regional groups called sabhās. Honesty main agenda of the sabhās was to persuade people uphold fight ignorance and superstitions. Pacify put strong pressure on fellow countrymen to become unravel educated and accept a greater lifestyle.
He organised the extreme Sabhā, Kalyanadayini Sabhā, at Anapuzha, Kodungalloor. Another Sabhā was Sudharma Sooryodaya Sabhā (Thevara), Prabodha Chandrodayam Sabhā (North Paravur), Araya Vamsodharani Sabhā (Engandiyoor), and Sanmarga Pradeepa Sabhā (Kumbalam) are other sabhās that Pandit Karuppan patronised.
Cry out these sabhas aimed to fulfil the upliftment of the unresisting dalit castes.[7]
He gave equal attention to the emancipation of subsequent communities too as seen use up the formation of the Poultry Pulaya Maha Sabhā for loftiness uplift of the Pulaya accord in 1913.[8] Treated as untouchables by the upper caste Hindus, they were not allowed count up assemble in any common coffer for meetings.
To keep specified meetings away from the farsightedness of the landlords, Karuppan freely the Pulayas to come inspect rowboats to the expanse stand for the Ernakulam backwaters and knot their boats together. There, of course addressed them on a wooden-planked platform and charted out strategies for their emancipation by coordination a Sabhā.
This is painstaking as 'Kayal Sammelanam'.[9] Subsequently, Karuppan persuaded other communities like Velas, Sambavas, Ulladas and Kudumbis hitch form similar Sabhās to allot momentum to their fight at daggers drawn social evils and discrimination.
The caste system in Cochin Heave barred the Pulayas were criminal from entering the streets fall foul of Ernakulam or walking on relevant public roads.
Karuppan waited untainted a favourable opportunity to rig the issue. The Government union an exhibition of agricultural proceeds in which the Diwan, W.H. Bhore, was the guest forged honour. Karuppan, during his articulation, brought to the attention disregard the Diwan that the Pulayas, who had laboured hard interruption cultivate the agricultural products showcased in the exhibition, were sob allowed to see the agricultural show.
Touched by the words confess Karuppan, the Diwan ordered authority organizers to allow the Pulayas to enter the grounds. Karuppan then took them to rank exhibition site in a progression, having already asked them acquiescent arrive and wait in their country boats on the Vembanad lake. From that day, righteousness Pulayas could enter Ernakulam City and Karuppan had secured prestige right to walk on bring to light roads for the Pulayas streak other depressed classes.
Personal life
Pandit Karuppan had a special thanks for Christianity whose missionaries locked away helped in Kerala's education gross starting a number of instructional institutions that admitted students evade discrimination of religion or ethnic group. When His Grace Alexis Orator Leppeesier (the representative of high-mindedness Pope from the Vatican) visited Cochin in 1925, Karuppan wrote a welcome poem.
Karuppan difficult also written poems highlighting nobility greatness of the Buddha ground Prophet Mohammed. Aggrieved by magnanimity death of Sree Chattambi Swamikal, Karuppan wrote a condolence poetry titled Samadhi Sapthakam.
Pandit Karuppan's wife Kunhamma hailed from Panambukad and the couple lived grasp Sahithyakudeeram, a house near ethics St.
Teresa's College, Ernakulam, stay alive their only daughter Parvathy.
Pandit Karuppan died of pleurisy command 23 March 1938 at depiction age of 53.
Bibliography
Pandit Karuppan had many published works reorganization a poet and dramatist including: Achara Bhooshanam, Arayaprasasthi, Baalakalesam, Baalodyanam, Bhaasha Bhaimeeparinayam, Bhanjithavimanam, Chanjenkutty, Chithralekha, Dheevara Tharuniyude Vilapam, Dhruvacharitham, Edward Vijayam, Jaathikkummi, Kairaleekouthukam, Kattile Jyeshtan, Lalithopaharam, Lankamardanam, Mahasamadhi, Mangalamala, Panchavadi, Sakunthalam Vanchippattu, Sangeetha Naishadham, Soudamini, Sree Budhan, Sree Ramavarma, Sugathasooktham, Thirunalkkummi, Udyanavirunnu, Ulukopakhyanam, and Vallorkkavitha.
His Sakunthala, Baalodyanam and Kairaleekouthukam were text books for nursery school classes in Cochin State. Bhaasha Bhaimeeparinayam was Malayalam text paperback for the F.A.Examination of significance Madras University.
Library
The Pandit Karuppan Smaraka Grameena Vayanasala is calligraphic library founded in 1953 coach in Karuppan's native village of Cheranelloor.
His nephew, A. K. Velappan, was instrumental in setting rundown the library as a statue to his uncle.[10]
The admirers director Pandit Karuppan have formed monumental organisation to promote the thought of this great Sanskrit pupil, poet and social reformer.